针刺耐火纤维用膏体表面润滑剂的研制简

介绍了针刺耐火纤维用膏体表面润滑剂的研制过程,得到了用柴油/甘油混合溶剂与十八伯胺醋酸盐制作针刺耐火纤维用膏体表面润滑剂的结论。各物料的具体配比为柴油：甘油：十八伯胺醋酸盐=7.5~15∶67.5~60∶25（重量比）。其制作过程可以用十八伯胺和醋酸在柴油中合成后加入甘油调制,也可直接用十八伯胺醋酸盐按比例直接加热配制。     

中空载银纤维的银离子释放性能

银系纤维的抗菌性能主要来源于纤维表面或内部释放出来的银离子。采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪对中空载银纤维的银离子释放性能进行测试分析,结果表明:中空载银纤维具有较为持久的释放性能,释放的银离子量随着浸渍时间的延长、浸渍温度的升高以及纤维本身载银量的增加而增加,随着纤维长度的增加而减少。     

含氰基聚酰亚胺薄膜的制备及其热分解动力学

以4-[3,5-双(4-氨基苯氧基)苯氧基]邻苯二甲腈和3,3′,4,4′-联苯四甲酸二酐为原料,经聚酰胺酸热酰亚胺化制备含氰基的聚酰亚胺(CN-BP-PI)薄膜。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、热重分析、差示扫描量热法对CN-BP-PI薄膜进行了分析。采用动态热重法研究了CN-BP-PI的分解动力学,用积分法结合常见固相热分解反应动力学函数来判断热分解的动力学函数。由Ozawa,KAS,Kissinger,Achar,Coats-Redfern,MacCallum-Tanner,van Krevelen方程求热分解反应的动力学参数。转化率为0.2~0.8时所得CN-BP-PI在氮气中热分解反应的表观活化能为119.68~215.61 kJ/mol,平均活化能为136.35 kJ/mol,指前因子平均值为8.52×107 s-1。     

原位复合法制备磁性纤维素纤维及其性能研究

以天然棉纤维为基材,用原位复合法在上沉积磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子,制备出磁性纤维素纤维,利用X射线衍射仪、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜等方法对所得产物中磁性粒子进行表征。探究了预处理方法以及铁离子（Fe^3＋/Fe^2＋=2）浓度对制得的纤维磁性能的影响,并对磁性纳米粒子与纤维的结合牢度进行了讨论。结果表明：两个因素均会对纤维的磁性能产生影响,当用5%Na OH处理棉纤维原料,在铁离子总浓度为0.10 mol/L（Fe^3＋/Fe^2＋=2）反应时,最有利于磁性纳米颗粒在其表面的沉积,制得棉纤维复合材料的磁性能可以达到11.90 eum/g;经多次洗涤后磁性纤维的磁性能稍有下降,说明磁性纳米粒子对纤维附着力较好,期望被用作功能材料。     

粗纤度PVA纤维混凝土力学性能试验分析

将粗纤度聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维加入混凝土中,采用搅拌试验方法分析PVA纤维在混凝土中的分散性;对比不同纤维体积分数下PVA纤维混凝土的坍落度分析其可施工性;对比不同纤维体积分数PVA纤维混凝土的抗压、抗弯拉及劈裂抗拉强度和破坏状态来探索其综合力学性能。试验结果表明:PVA纤维在混凝土搅拌过程中分布较均匀不易结团;相对素混凝土,PVA纤维混凝土的坍落度略有下降;抗压强度无明显提高,抗弯拉及劈裂抗拉强度随着纤维体积分数增加呈二次函数增大。     

Retraining local and global buckling behavior of steel plastic hinges using CFRP

Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites have been shown to be particularly well suited for external strengthening of reinforced concrete members. However, there is limited information about how they can be used to strengthen steel structures that are susceptible to local and global instabilities. This paper discusses test results of full-scale steel flexural specimens subjected to reversed cyclic loading, some of which are wrapped with CFRP in the plastic hinge region. The main variables investigated are lateral bracing, to study the effect of CFRP wrapping on local buckling and lateral torsional buckling, wrapping scheme, and number of layers of fibers. The test results show that application of CFRP in the plastic hinge region of flexural members has substantial benefits. In particular, the CFRP wraps can increase the size of the yielded plastic hinge region, slow down the occurrence of local buckling, and delay lateral torsional buckling. These benefits reduce strain demands in the critical plastic hinge region and substantially improve energy dissipation capacity within the plastic hinge region.     

Removal of trivalent and hexavalent chromium with aminated polyacrylonitrile fibers: performance and mechanisms

Aminated polyacrylonitrile fibers (APANFs) were prepared and used as an adsorbent in a series of batch adsorption experiments for the removal of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) species from aqueous solutions of different pH values. The results show that significant amounts of Cr(III) or Cr(VI) species can be adsorbed by the APANFs, although the adsorption performances was greatly dependent upon the solution pH values. In general, the amounts of adsorption for Cr(III) species increased whereas that for Cr(VI) decreased with the increase of the solution pH values, which suggests that different adsorption mechanisms dominated the removal of Cr(III) or Cr(VI) species on the APANFs. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the adsorption of Cr(III) species on the APANFs was largely attributed to the formation of surface complexes between the nitrogen atoms on the APANFs and the Cr(III) species adsorbed, but the adsorption of Cr(VI) species on the APANFs was more likely effected through the formation of hydrogen bonds at high solution pH values or through both electrostatic attraction and surface complexation at low solution pH values. It was found that the Cr(VI)-adsorbed APANFs can be effectively regenerated in a basic solution and be reused almost without any loss of the adsorption capacity, while the Cr(III)-adsorbed APANFs needed to be regenerated in an acidic solution and the regeneration appeared to be less effective.     

混杂纤维对高性能混凝土力学性能与抗渗性能的影响

研究了钢纤维、Dura纤维和Dolanit纤维按二元或三元混杂对大掺量磨细钢渣与膨胀剂复合的高性能水泥基复合材料的力学性能和抗渗性能的影响，从不同尺度与不同性质的纤维在相应结构层次上的叠加效应角度来阐述水泥基复合材料的防渗抗裂机理。     

抗裂纤维加固泥岩泥化物固化体试验研究

针对某矿区掘进巷道的底板泥岩泥化物,研制了一种高效固化剂,将该固化剂和聚丙烯抗裂纤维用于泥岩泥化物的加固工程中.通过正交试验,研究了纤维固化体的抗压强度、弹性模量、破坏应变与纤维固化体配比之间的关系.研究表明,泥岩泥化物纤维固化体具有较好的强度与抗变形特性,可作为巷道路面的基层材料.     

面向空天动力用聚酰亚胺树脂基复合材料介尺度结构与调控

基于面向空天动力用聚酰亚胺树脂基复合材料的背景,分析了复合材料面临的介尺度结构设计与调控的关键科学问题及研究思路。综述了国内外热塑性聚酰亚胺构-效设计、复合材料微/纳复合界面强化以及健康结构动态监测的基础研究,并提出了未来的发展趋势。